Protective lining for vessels



Aug. 29, 1933. R. H. BRANDT 1,924,832

PROTECTIVE LINING FOR VESSELS Filed Oct. 15, 1950 INVENTOR RALPH H. BRANDT Patented Aug. 29, 1933 PROTECTIVE LINING FOR VESSELS Ralph H. Brandt, Chicago, Ill., assignor to Universal Oil Products Company, Chicago, 111., a corporation of South Dakota Application October 15, 1930. Serial No. 488,822

10 Claims. (Cl. 220-63) This invention relates to an improved form of protective lining for vessels, and is particularly adaptable for lining oil refining equipment, such as the reaction chamber of a cracking process or the like, in which means are normally provided for the removal of coke or carbonaceous material.

Primarily, the invention comprises a new and improved method and means of installing a protective liner and retaining said liner within a vessel. It is within the concept of the invention to apply my improved form of liner directly over the walls of the vessel to be lined or over an intermediate liner of any desired form or composition applied between the walls of the vessel and the improved liner.

The accompanying drawing diagramatically illustrates one form of liner embodied by the present invention as applied over an intermediate lining within the reaction chamber of a cracking process.

In the drawing, Fig. l is a side elevational view of the reaction chamber, shown partially in crosssection.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary View of the liner as applied to the reaction chamber.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary detail view of a portion of the liner illustrating particularly the means for maintaining the lining units in position.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the device shown in Fig. 3.

Referring in detail to the drawing, 1 indicates a reaction chamber provided with top and bottom cleanout ports or manholes 2. The metal walls 3 of the chamber may be provided with cable hooks 4 which may be welded, or firmly fastened in any other suitable manner, at spaced intervals around the inner circumference of the chamber, preferably in horizontal and vertical rows, as illustrated in Fig. 1 of the drawing. Hooks or loops of this general form are usually provided in the reaction chamber of a cracking process to permit fastening, within the chamber,

a network of cable or other reticulate means which is pulled, after operation of the process has been discontinued for cleanout, to break away the deposited coke or carbonaceous material and assist in its removal from the chamber. It is among the objects of the present invention 0 to provide a method and means of applying and retaining a protective liner within a cracking plant reaction chamber utilizing the cable hooks or loops ordinarily provided in the chamber, although it should be clearly understood that the invention is not limited to this particular feature as similar means may be provided within any vessel which it is desired to line.

An intermediate liner 5 may be applied directly to the walls 3 of the chamber and may take the form of what is commonly termed a ganister lining, comprising ganister or crushed firebrick and sand, bonded by a cementitious material such as Portland cement or high alumina cement, or it may be what is commonly termed non-metallic, anti-corrosive lining composed of high temperature furnace cement, sand, sodium silicate and asbestos fiber, or it may be an insulating material such as diatomaceous earth, asbestos, magnesia or combinations of these. Liners of the types mentioned are now well known to the art and may be utilized in any of their various forms. The type of intermediate liner, if any, employed is not a part of the present invention, hence the invention is not limited to any particular type 5 of composition of intermediate liner, and in fact the principles of the present invention are applicable where no intermediate liner is employed.

A rigid liner 6 which may be constructed of steel, iron, metallic alloys capable of withstanding high temperatures and/or corrosion or any other suitable material such as, for example, insulating material such as asbestos formed into rigid sheets with a stifiening and binding material such as Portland cement.

The loops 4 may extend through the liner 6 and provide means for firmly retaining the liner in place in the chamber. This is more clearly illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4 in which adjacent edges of the sheets comprising the outer lining 6 overlap as indicated at '7. Slots 8 coinciding with the position of the loops 4 are cut in the adjoining edges of the sheets permitting loop 4 to extend through liner 6. Pin or wedge 9 may be inserted under the protruding loop and between its protruding portion and the outer surface cf liner 6, and may be welded'or otherwise firmly attached to liner 6 or to loop 1 or both, thus holding the liner firmly in place. Wedge or pin 9 is preferably formed with a concave outer surface 10 which provides an opening 11 to which the cable or other reticulate means for removing coke may be fastened.

' I claim as my invention:

1. In combination, a vessel having a plurality of loops projecting from the inner surface thereof, a plurality of plates having overlapping edges covering and disposed adjacent said inner surface, and means for locking the protruding ends of 1m said loops and plates.

2. In combination with a reaction chamber provided with a plurality of cable loops for supporting coke removing means, a lining therefor comprising a plurality of rigid plates and means for fastening said plates at the intermediate portion of said cable loops.

3. In combination with a reaction chamber provided with a plurality of cable loops for supporting coke removing means, a lining therefor comprising a plurality of rigid plates and wedge means for fastening said plates at the intermediate portion of said cable loops.

4. A means for looking a lining against the walls of a vessel having a plurality of loops projecting inwardly therefrom comprising a wedge having a concave outer face and inclined longitudinal edges adapted to engage said loops.

5. Means for looking a lining against the walls of a vessel having a plurality of loops projecting inwardly from the walls and through said lining comprising a wedge adapted to engage said loop atits wider projecting sides leaving an unobthe overlapping edges of said structed portion between the outer surface of.

the wedge and the outer end of the loop.

6. In combination with a vessel having a plurality of projections extending inwardly from the walls thereof, a plurality of plates having overlapping edges disposed adjacent said walls and engaged by said projections at said overlapping portion in such a manner as to prevent longitudinal or transverse movement of said plates and wedge means to prevent lateral movement-of said plates away from said walls.

7. In combination with a vessel having a plurality of projections extending inwardly from the walls thereof, a plurality of plates having overlapping edges disposed adjacent said walls said edges being provided with recesses to engage said projections in such a manner as to prevent longitudinal or transverse movement of said plates and wedge means to. prevent lateral movement of said plates away from said walls.

8. In combination with a vessel having a plurality of projections extending inwardly from the walls thereof, a plurality of plates having overlapping edges disposed adjacent said walls and engaged by said projections at said overlapping portion in such a manner as to prevent longitudinal or transverse movement of said plates and wedge means to prevent lateral movement of said plates away from said walls, said projections having loops at their projecting ends.

9. In combination, a vessel having a plurality of loops projecting from the inner surface thereof, a plurality of plates having overlapping edges covering and disposed adjacent said inner surface, and means for locking the protruding ends of said loops and the overlapping edges of said plates, said loops being disposed longitudinally of the longitudinal edges of said plates and transversely of the transverse edges of said plates.

10. In combination, a vessel, a composition lining positioned adjacent the inner surface of said vessel, a plurality of projections disposed upon the inner surface of said vessel and protruding through said composition lining, a plurality of rigid plates disposed adjacent said composition lining, and means for locking said plate and the intermediate protruding portion of said projections, said projections having loops at their protruding ends.

RALPH H. BRANDT. 

